Program Overview
Curious about reducing your nitrogen rate for your corn crop?
Every farming decision impacts your bottom line and your land. And when it comes to nitrogen fertilizer, it can be a major input cost. The N Rate Risk Protection Program helps you find your optimal and economical rate, which can save you money and increase your farm's resiliency.
Talk with a PFI agronomist about feasible nitrogen reductions while maintaining yields. This crop protection program enables you to receive $5 per acre for every acre enrolled with reduced nitrogen. If your yield drops below 95% of your ten-year average after lowering your nitrogen, you’ll receive a $30 per acre payment.
Farmers who are new to saving on inputs and farmers who’ve reduced nitrogen rates before are eligible for the program.
Program Requirements
- Participants must farm in eligible counties in Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, South Dakota or Wisconsin
- Be willing to reduce nitrogen application by at least 20 pounds of nitrogen per acre*
- Acres must be conventionally managed; certified organic acres are not eligible
- Acres cannot overlap with any privately funded cost-share program, such as a carbon market (ex. Indigo, SWOF, TruCarbon, PivotBio’s N-OVATOR, etc.)
- Acres must be already insured with Multi-Peril Crop Insurance Revenue or Yield Protection policy
*Farmers applying lower nitrogen rates may still be eligible with their already reduced nitrogen rate or a smaller reduction in nitrogen. PFI agronomists have some discretion with lower initial rates and can talk through reduced nitrogen rates with you during your initial consultation.
N Rate Risk Protection Program Stackability
| Stackable | Stackable on Different Acres | Not Stackable |
| Federal Cost-Share Programs (i.e., EQIP/CSP/RCPP) | Carbon Programs (i.e., Indigo, TruCarbon) | PFI's Extended Rotations Cost-Share |
| State Cost-Share Programs (i.e., WQI, IDALS) | U.S. Pork Sustainability Grant (in partnership with Ducks Unlimited) | |
| Farmers for Soil Health | ADM re:generations | |
| Missouri CRCL | Soil and Water Outcomes Fund | |
| Minnesota Ag Water Quality Certification Program | ||
| Nitrogen Management Financial Assistance Program (Minnesota Department of Agriculture) | ||
| Sound Ag's Efficient Acre Program |
Program Steps
1. Enroll in the program by April 30, 2027.
2. Talk to a PFI agronomist to discuss your nitrogen plan.
3. Sign an agreement and FSA release of information by May 31, 2027.
Even after signing a program agreement, a participant may still drop their enrollment without penalty. Participant must sign a release of information that allows PFI to contact their county FSA office(s) for PFI to collect documentation (producer subsidiary print, 578s and tract maps of the anticipated reduced nitrogen fields) on the participant's behalf. PFI will collect these documents to verify compliance with highly erodible land and wetland restrictions and that corn was planted on enrolled acres.
4. Apply less total nitrogen to enrolled fields.
5. Attend a soil health learning event (connect with other farmers!) with PFI or another organization.
*Note: If attending an event in person isn’t feasible, then viewing a recording of an event is satisfactory. See PFI’s YouTube channel for virtual options available.
6. Receive complimentary one-year membership to Practical Farmers of Iowa.
Learn more about membership benefits on our website. If you’d like family members to be included on your membership, please ensure their names are listed on your application.
7. Complete production survey if selected.
8. Confirm applied nitrogen rate with PFI agronomist and file yield loss claim, if applicable.
Submit a brief wrap-up survey with program feedback and a field-level questionnaire no later than Dec. 10, 2027.
9. Payments will be processed after all relevant paperwork is received and confirmed. All payments will be processed by April 30, 2028.
Key Dates
| Aug. 3, 2026-April 30, 2027 | Enrollment period. |
| May 31, 2027 | Last day to sign program contract. |
| Dec. 10, 2027 | Fill claims and complete wrap-up survey. |
| April 30, 2028 | All payments have been processed. |
Program Impact
Includes completed years 2022-2025*:
1.6 mil
pounds of nitrogen reduced
31.8
pounds per acre reduced each year on average
9%
enrolled acres to receive a warranty payout on average
*In 2025, an additional $130,803 was given to farmers as part of the $5 per acre incentive.
Frequently Asked Questions
This program is only partially a cost-share program. It pays $5 per acre for all enrolled acres having a reduced nitrogen plan. An additional payment of $30 per acre is only issued if the farmer’s yield drops below 95% of their ten-year average production history after following their nitrogen reduction plan.
We will use your crop insurance records to determine your 2027 yield and your non-adjusted actual production history. If you do not have 10 years of cropping history, we will use county averages for your benchmark yield.
Reducing nitrogen rates can save you money! Less wasted excess nitrogen applied to your fields means less wasted cost for yourself. Use this program to explore your own economical nitrogen rate for your fields. Plus, reducing nitrogen rates can have tremendous benefits for water quality and reductions in GHG emissions.
On average, farmers will need to reduce nitrogen applications by approximately 20 pounds of nitrogen per acre from their typical application. Farmers that are already applying low rates of nitrogen may still be eligible to participate in the program with a smaller reduction in nitrogen. If you have recently reduced your nitrogen in the last five years and are still unsure if it is the right rate for your farm, you may be eligible to enroll at your current reduced rate.
Any nitrogen applied via synthetic fertilizer sources or through manure is counted in your application rates. If you do not have a manure analysis, we will use book values from Iowa State University and the University of Minnesota to estimate your applied nitrogen. Biological products or legume credits are not calculated into your typical applied nitrogen rate.
No. Products with no NPK analysis (i.e., biologicals, inhibitors, soil amendments) will be noted but will not be calculated into your applied nitrogen rate. For example, if you are cutting 20 pounds of nitrogen per acre in addition to using a biological, which claims to cut 30 pounds of nitrogen per acre, this is a 20 pounds of nitrogen per acre cut, not a 50 pounds per acre cut.
1) Not following the nitrogen reduction plan you and the PFI agronomist discussed.
2) You receive payment from insurance for a multi-peril, hail or wind claim as yield loss may be due to another intervening event.
If your revenue protection coverage results in a payment specifically due to a price change between the projected price set before planting (the spring price) or the market price at harvest (the harvest price), your claim will not be voided.
The N Rate Risk Protection Program is not supposed to replace crop insurance. Participants must maintain and carry a Multi-Peril Crop Insurance Revenue or Yield Protection policy at a minimum of 65% coverage to be eligible for this program. In addition, you must certify your crops through your local FSA office.
*Note: If a claim is paid for yield loss due to an event (such as hail, wind, or flooding) other than nitrogen reduction through your insurance, PFI's $30 per acre warranty payment will be void.
As both SCO and ECO are county-based coverage options for extending coverage beyond 85%, these options do not impact warranty eligibility.
The contract covering your enrolled acres is non-binding for the participant, meaning you can end enrollment of some or all fields in the program at any time before receiving payment without penalty. The weather has large effects on nitrogen crop needs. If you determine it is in your best interest to apply more nitrogen than recorded in your reduced plan, simply let us know what fields need to be unenrolled.
The form of nitrogen applied and the number of passes of nitrogen applications can change without affecting your eligibility status, as long as the total pounds of nitrogen applied is similar, or lower, than the reduced rate in your reduction plan. Please let us know of any changes so we can update your plan.
Program Partners
PepsiCo, Growers Edge, Applegate
Resources for determining an economical nitrogen rate
- Can we reduce N rates and improve ROI? (2025)
- Can we reduce N rates and improve ROI? (2024)
- Can we reduce N rates and improve ROI? (2023)
- Reduced N rate to corn after repeated use of cover crops (2022)
- Reduced N rate to corn after repeated use of cover crops (2021)
- Reduced N rate to corn after repeated use of cover crops (2020)
- UMN: Understanding nitrogen in soils
- UMN Crop News: Nitrogen pools- Our experts talk timing, testing and uptake
- ISU Resources on Nitrogen
- Corn Nitrogen Rate Calculator (a collaboration from several Upper Midwest Universities)
- Research Opportunities
- PFI N Rate Trials – Open to Iowa and surrounding states
- Minnesota-specific programs
- Nitrogen Management Financial Assistance Program – For producers farming in Level 2 Drinking Water Supply Management Areas. Applications are reviewed on an ongoing basis as received.
- Minnesota Ag Water Quality Certification Program
- Other programs


